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In the 1980s, as China transitioned to the post-Mao era, a state-sponsored oral history project led to the publication of local, regional, and national histories. They took the form of written and transcribed personal testimonies of events that preceded the turmoil of both the Cultural Revolution and, in many cases, the Communist victory in 1949. Known as wenshi ziliao, these publications represent an intense process of historical memory production that has received little scholarly attention. Hitherto unexamined archival materials and oral histories reveal unresolved tensions in post-Cultural Revolution reconciliation and mobilization, informing negotiations between local elites and the state, and between Party and non-Party organizations. Taking the northeast Russia-Manchuria borderlands as a case study, Martin T. Fromm examines the creation of post-Mao identities, political mobilization, and knowledge production in China.

BThe ultimate tool for understanding, investigating and preventing fraud/b Fraud is an evil with a life of its own that leaves a financial, repetitional, and emotional toll on its victims. While monumental scandals, such as Enron, WorldCom, and Madoff's Ponzi scheme make the front pages, fraud is a daily occurrence impacting companies and individuals alike. iFaces of Fraud/i reveals must-know characteristics of fraudsters and the skills needed to outwit them. Recognized Fraud Fighting Expert Martin Biegelman draws from his 40 years of experience fighting fraud to profile not only the key traits fraudsters share, but also the qualities fraud examiners must possess to be successful./ ulliEach chapter contains stories from actual cases that the author investigated/liliProfiles the must-know characteristics of fraudsters and the skills you'll need to outwit them/liliReveals the traits of accomplished fraud examiners/liliExplores the best practices in fraud detection, investigation and prevention to cultivate in order to maximize success/liliWritten by fraud fighting expert Martin T. Biegelman/li/ul Although fraud will never be completely eradicated, there is much that can be done to reduce the number and size of frauds that take place in any organization. Boiling down the key lessons the author has culled from his long career, iFaces of Fraud/i entertains and informs with stories from real cases the author investigated over his long career, and imparts useful tips you can start using right away in the fraud examination field

"How-to, authoritative guidance for creating a best-in-class fraud prevention and compliance program in any organizationNow in a Second Edition, this practical book helps corporate executives and managers understand the full ramifications of good corporate governance and compliance. It covers best practices for establishing a unit to protect the financial integrity of a business; theories and models on how and why fraud occurs in an organization; importance of strong internal controls; major compliance and corporate governance initiatives and milestones since 1985; and more. Complete coverage includes implementation guidance for a robust fraud prevention and compliance program, including sample policies, best practice examples, and a 14-point management antifraud program. Covers fraud risk assessment and prevention guidance Looks at global risk issues, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and UK Bribery Act Examines amendments to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizational Crime Discusses Dodd-Frank Whistleblower Provisions Explores enterprise risk management key program elements Offers coverage of how fraud and compliance failures contributed to the financial crisis Includes enhanced principles for fraud data mining Presents new cases, checklists and real-world examples, expanded international coverage, and the latest technological tools Shows executives and managers what their responsibilities are regarding fraud prevention, internal controls, and compliance Provides an instructor's website, including a test bank Other titles by Biegelman: Building a World-Class Compliance Program and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Compliance Guidebook Completely revised and updated, Executive Roadmap to Fraud Prevention and Internal Control, Second Edition is every manager's best resource for understanding all the complex issues and responsibilities associated with fraud and compliance"--

Bribery, corruption, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act -- Overview of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act-- Government guidance and significant cases -- Global anti-corruption efforts -- Siemens: a new commitment to a culture of compliance -- Worldwide hotspots for corruption: UK, Russia, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America -- Worldwide hotspots for corruption and briberty: China, Central Asia, India, and Asia Pacific -- BAE Systems: past behavior haunts the company -- Designing an effective anti-corruption compliance program -- Implementing an effective anti-corruption compliance program -- Monsanto: fighting corruption for a better world -- Internal investigations -- Past, present, and future of the FCPA

Intro -- Department of the Treasury Blueprint for Actions -- Contents -- Preface -- Executive Summary -- The Need for Review -- Recommendations -- Conclusion -- Introduction -- History of the Current Regulatory Framework -- Broad Overview of the U.S. Financial Services Sector -- Depository Institution Regulation and History -- Futures Regulation and History -- Securities Regulation and History -- Insurance Regulation and History -- Short-Term Recommendations -- President's Working Group of Financial Markets -- Mortgage Origination -- Liquidity Provisioning by the Federal Reserve -- Intermediate-Term Recommendations -- Thrift Charter -- State Bank Regulation -- Payment and Settlement Systems -- Future and Securities -- Insurance -- The Optimal Regulatory Structure -- Recommendation Overview -- General Choices for Reform -- Optimal Structure: An Objectives-Based Regulatory Structure -- Market Stability Regulator -- Prudential Financial Regulator -- Business Conduct Regulator -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- Appendix A - Federal Register Notice -- I. General Issues -- II. Specific Issues -- Appendix B - Review of Past Treasury and Administratio Regulatory Reform Reports -- Appendix C - Existing Regulatory Structures for Subprime Mortgage Origination -- Appendix D - Descriptions of Select U.S. Payment and Settlement Systems Federal Reserve Bank Systems -- Appendix E - Commodity Futures Modernization Act Core Principles -- References -- Index.

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between stock returns and short-term interest rates. Identification of the stock return-interest rate relation is solved by using a new technique that relies on the heteroskedasticity of shocks to stock market returns. We suggest some improvements to the identification technique and its justification, as well as providing some new findings. In particular, we ask whether the Bundesbank, prior to the European Central Bank taking responsibility for monetary policy in 1999, reacted systematically to stock price movements. In contrast to the results for the US, our empirical findings for the 1985 - 1998 period show a positive, but statistically insignificant, parameter for the relationship between German stock returns and short-term interest rates at the daily frequency. The same result is found at the monthly frequency. Nevertheless, the confidence bands are wide enough that we cannot entirely exclude the possibility of a reaction at lower frequencies. The results are extremely robust to alternative methods used to identify changes in heteroskedasticity. The evidence is, therefore, inconsistent with the hypothesis of a systematic reaction of the Bundesbank to every wiggle in German stock prices. Both the historical and institutional evidence are supportive of this conclusion.